Resources in Early American History
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1Author:  Vater, Johann Severin,1771-182Requires cookie*
 Title:  An enquiry into the origin of the population of America from the old continent, [ca. 1820]     
 Dates:  Circa 1820 
 Abstract:  This volume contains Peter DuPonceau's translation of Johann Vater's analysis of the origins of Amerindians.

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 Call #:  Mss.572.97.V45d 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Native America 
 Genre:  Manuscript Essays 
 Subjects:  Population -- History. 
2Author:  Gallatin, Albert, 1761-1849Requires cookie*
 Title:  Albert Gallatin Marginalia     
 Dates:  Circa 1822 
 Abstract:  This volume of "Voyages de la Nouvelle France" contains Albert Gallatin's marginalia. Gallatin's notes are in the section on Native Americans.

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 Call #:  Mss.917.1.C35 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Native America 
 Genre:  Miscellaneous 
 Subjects:  Montagnais Indians | Montagnais language 
3Author:  Hawkins, Benjamin, 1754-1816Requires cookie*
 Title:  Sketch of the Creek country in the years 1798 and 1799, [n.d.]     
 Dates:  n.d. 
 Abstract:  This document is a copy of Benjamin Hawkins report on the Creeks. In the essay, Hawkins tries to give a nearly complete picture of the Creek confederacy. He details the various Creek towns and their character, describes some individuals, conveys the oral history of an elder, and provides commentary on Creek culture, government, and tactics of war.

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 Call #:  Mss.970.3.H31 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Native America 
 Genre:  Manuscript Essays | Native American Materials | Official Government Documents and Records | Oral History 
 Subjects:  Creek Indians -- Government relations | Indians of North America -- Government relations 
4Author:  Jackson, Halliday,1771-1835.Requires cookie*
 Title:  Some account of my journey to the Seneca Nation of Indians, and residence amongst that people, 1798-1799     
 Dates:  1798-1799 
 Abstract:  This manuscript, entitled "An account of my journey to the Seneca Nation of Indians, and residence amongst that people," was compiled by Halliday Jackson, a Quaker missionary, during his yearlong residence with the Seneca Nation in New York. Jackson's chronicle is well-written, detailed, and often fascinating. It includes descriptions of daily life, weather, customs, and minutes of councils. A similar version was edited by Anthony F.C. Wallace and published in Pennsylvania History in 1952.

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 Call #:  Mss.970.3.J25 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Native America 
 Genre:  Travel Narratives and Journals 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America -- Missions | Seneca Indians -- Missions | Society of Friends -- Missions 
5Author:  Clark, William, 1770-1838Requires cookie*
 Title:  William Clark journal, January 6-10, 1806     
 Dates:  January 6-10, 1806 
 Abstract:  This document is a private journal of William Clark, one of the leaders of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. It describes possible trade routes in the west and also contains a sketch, estimated locations of places, and distances between them. There are also extended entries on daily activities for January 6-10, 1806. It is believed that this daily account is either a rough draft or another account of the days' events.

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 Call #:  Mss.917.3.L58.cl 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Native America | Trade 
 Genre:  Travel Narratives and Journals 
 Subjects:  Exploration | Fur trade -- United States. | Louisiana Purchase -- Discovery and exploration. | United States - Discovery and exploration. 
6Author:  AnonymousRequires cookie*
 Title:  The Natchez, 1840     
 Dates:  1840 
 Abstract:  This fascinating account of the Natchez was written in 1840 and appears to convey oral history of the time. The author begins by stating "it was with extreme difficulty we succeeded in procuring the information." The document is approximately 135 pages long and touches on the Natchez history and their "manners, customs, [and] traditions." The focus of the document is on their history, however, and much of the content was relayed to the author orally by the Natchez. There is an extended discussion of their beliefs and practices. The document contains biographical data on prominent members of the Natchez and other native peoples, such as Pushmataha.

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 Call #:  Mss.970.3.N19 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Native America | Religion 
 Genre:  Manuscript Essays | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America | Natchez Indians -- History 
7Author:  Bénard de La Harpe, Jean Baptiste, 1683-1765Requires cookie*
 Title:  Journal historique concernant l'établissement des Francais à la Louisianne, 1699-1723     
 Dates:  1699-1723 
 Abstract:  This volume appears to be a record of early French colonization efforts in Louisiana (1699-1723). Historical Collections of Louisiana published in 1851 contains a translation of this journal.

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 Call #:  Mss.976.3.B43 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Exploration. | Native America 
 Genre:  Manuscript Essays | Travel Narratives and Journals 
8Author:  Swan, Caleb.Requires cookie*
 Title:  Caleb Swan journal extracts, 1790-1791     
 Dates:  1790-1791 
 Abstract:  This manuscript contains Caleb Swan's official report to Henry Knox, Secretary of War, on his interactions with the Creek Indians.

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 Call #:  Mss.B.B284.d.vol.32 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Government Affairs | Native America 
 Genre:  Native American Materials | Official Government Documents and Records | Political Correspondence 
 Subjects:  Creek Indians | Indians of North America 
9Author:  Brainerd, David, 1718-1747Requires cookie*
 Title:  David Brainerd diary, July 14, 1745 - November 20, 1745     
 Dates:  1745 
 Abstract:  This journal from 1745 recounts David Brainerd's time in western Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. The vast majority of the journal depicts Brainerd's time in the Upper Susquehanna River Valley. Brainerd's journals and autobiography were published after his death. They were used as tracts to promote missionary efforts to Native Americans. Historians have determined that these published accounts were largely written by Brainerd and Jonathan Edwards in 1747 before Brainerd died of tuberculosis. They hoped to edit Brainerd's actual journals to make his efforts sound like a greater success, thus spurring others to follow in his footsteps. The APS journal is an original journal that differs from the one published by Jonathan Edwards.

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 Call #:  Mss.B.B74j 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Native America | Religion | Travel 
 Genre:  Diaries | Travel Narratives and Journals 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America -- Missions | Indians of North America -- New Jersey | Indians of North America -- Pennsylvania | Missionaries 
10Author:  Hunter, George, 1755-1824Requires cookie*
 Title:  George Hunter Journals     
 Dates:  1796-1809 
 Abstract:  This rich four volume collection contains the travel journals of George Hunter kept during his various expeditions in the early republic. The journals provide intricate details on travel, life in the west, and natural history in very readable prose.

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 Call #:  Mss.B.H912 
 Extent:  0.25 Linear Feet 
 Topics:  Exploration. | Native America | Travel 
 Genre:  Travel Narratives and Journals 
 Subjects:  Cherokee Indians | Chickasaw Indians | Choctaw Indians | Delaware Indians | Exploration | Geology -- Kentucky | Hot springs -- Arkansas | Meteorology -- Louisiana | Natural history -- Louisiana | Osage Indians 
11Author:  Clark, William, 1770-1838Requires cookie*
 Title:  William Clark diary, August 25, 1808 - September 22, 1808     
 Dates:  August 25, 1808 - September 22, 1808 
 Abstract:  This document is a private journal of William Clark from his time as an Indian agent in the Midwest after the completion of the Lewis and Clark expedition. The journal chronicles his expedition to treat with the Osage Indians. The journal contains a wealth of information, including a vivid account of every days' events, a sketch of a map, and a chronicle of the Indian-white relations.

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 Call #:  Mss.917.3.L58c 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Native America | Trade | Travel 
 Genre:  Sketchbooks | Travel Narratives and Journals 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America -- Treaties | Osage Indians -- Treaties 
12Author:  Lewis, Meriwether, 1774-1809Requires cookie*
 Title:  Meriwether Lewis journal, August 30, 1803 - December 12, 1803; 1810     
 Dates:  August 30 - December 12, 1803; 1810 
 Abstract:  This collection contains two volumes, both of which have been published elsewhere. The first consists of a travel journal, likely kept by Meriwether Lewis, on his trip from Pittsburgh west to Winter Camp in 1803. The second volume contains a list of questions Nicholas Biddle had for William Clark. These queries include Clark's response.

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 Call #:  Mss.917.3.L58p 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Exploration. | Native America | Travel 
 Genre:  Travel Narratives and Journals 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America | Louisiana Purchase -- Discovery and exploration. 
13Author:  Paulmier, Charles Francois AdrRequires cookie*
 Title:  Mémoire sur le district du Ouachita dans la province de la Louisianne, [1803]     
 Dates:  Circa 1803 
 Abstract:  This collection includes three different travel accounts to the Louisiana Territory in the early 19th century.

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 Call #:  Mss.917.6.Ex7 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Exploration. | Native America | Travel 
 Genre:  Travel Narratives and Journals 
 Subjects:  Alabama -- History | Cherokee Indians | Chickasaw Indians | Choctaw Indians | Indians of North America -- Social life and customs | Louisiana Purchase -- Discovery and exploration. | Mines and mineral resources -- Arkansas. | Mississippi -- History 
14Author:  McKenney, Thomas Loraine, 1785-1859Requires cookie*
 Title:  Sketches of a Tour to the Lakes     
 Dates:  1826 
 Abstract:  This is a manuscript copy of Thomas McKenney's Sketches of a Tour of the Lakes, which was a chronicle of his tour of the Great Lakes region when he served as Superintendent of Indian Affairs. His journal was eventually published in Baltimore in 1827. The original journal not only records his observations and interactions, but, as the federal official in charge of Indian policy, reflects his thinking on federal Indian policy. His observations also reflect, to some extent, his interpretation of Indian history. A color image of O Shau Gus Coday Way Gua (Mrs. Johnson) in included in the volume. This image graces the cover of the book in black and white. There are other watercolor sketches as well.

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 Call #:  Mss.917.7.M19 
 Extent:  3 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Government Affairs | Native America 
 Genre:  Art | Official Government Documents and Records | Sketchbooks | Travel Narratives and Journals 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America -- Great Lakes (North America) | Indians of North America -- Treaties | Ojibwa Indians | Ojibwa language -- Dictionaries -- English 
15Author:  Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823Requires cookie*
 Title:  Notes, amendments, and additions to his account of the Indians, 1820     
 Dates:  1820 
 Abstract:  This small document contains annotations, changes, and amendments that John Heckewelder hoped would be made to his "Account of the history, manners, and customs of the Indian nations, who once inhabited Pennsylvania and the neighboring states." The changes include additions to sections on religion, belief, and cultural practices.

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 Call #:  Mss.970.1.H35n 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Native America | Pennsylvania History 
 Genre:  Manuscript Essays | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Algonquian Indians | Indians of North America -- Pennsylvania -- History | Indians of North America -- Pennsylvania -- Social life and customs 
16Author:  Meriam, Ebenezer,1794-1864.Requires cookie*
 Title:  Ebenezer Meriam correspondence, 1850-1855     
 Dates:  1850-1855 
 Abstract:  This collection consists primarily of correspondence form Onondaga Indians in the 1850. Much of the correspondence discusses education and religion. Some of the letters relate to affairs between New York state and Indian groups seeking aid. Much of this correspondence is beyond the chronological scope of this guide.

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 Call #:  Mss.970.3.On1 
 Extent:  32 item(s) 
 Topics:  Education | Government Affairs | Native America 
 Genre:  Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Indian reservations | Indians of North America -- Education | Onondaga Indians 
17Author:  unknownRequires cookie*
 Title:  John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder papers     
 Dates:  1800-1870 
 Abstract:  The John Heckewelder Collection consists of an assortment of documents, almost all of which deal with Native Americans. Heckewelder was a Moravian missionary to Delaware Indians in Pennsylvania who was a prominent figure in nineteenth century intellectual circles. The primary focus of the collection is on his attempt to preserve Native American languages, especially those of the Lenni Lenape (Delaware) in Pennsylvania. His correspondence and one publication also chronicle Native American history, customs, and life. Heckewelder also kept a meteorological journal while on his mission to Gnadenhutten, Pennsylvania from 1802-1814, which is part of the collection. Much of the collection comes from Heckewelder's correspondence with the APS and its prominent member and linguist Stephen Du Ponceau.

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 Call #:  Mss.B.H35 
 Extent:  0.25 Linear Feet 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Diaries | Language Material | Native American Materials | Oral History 
18Author:  Nuttall, Thomas, 1786-1859Requires cookie*
 Title:  Thomas Nuttall diary, 1810     
 Dates:  1810 
 Abstract:  Thomas Nuttall's travel narrative tracks his journey from Philadelphia to Detroit during the spring and summer of 1810. Nuttall makes a range of observations, including discussions of the weather, plant life, rivers, and the various people he meets, including Native peoples. The last portion of the narrative, which takes place around Detroit, discusses Indians a fair amount – their history in the area, the various groups he met (Chippewa in particular), and their customs.

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 Call #:  Mss.B.N96 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Exploration. | Native America | Natural history | Travel 
 Genre:  Travel Narratives and Journals 
 Subjects:  Botany -- North America. | Goiter. | Indians of North America | Voyages and travels. | Zoology -- North America. 
19Author:  Logan, James, 1674-1751Requires cookie*
 Title:  The claims of the proprietors of Maryland and Pensilvania stated, [ca. 1714-1715]     
 Dates:  Circa 1714-1715 
 Abstract:  James Logan was a leading official in the proprietary interests, and this collection contains his letters that touch on all matter relating to the interests of the colony and especially the proprietor. This specific volume has letters and other documents detailing the legal case as it related to the Maryland-Pennsylvania boundary dispute. Although many of the volumes in the Logan collection are transcriptions, this document appears to be an original.

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 Call #:  Mss.974.8.L82c 
 Extent:  2 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Colonial Politics | Government Affairs | Native America | Pennsylvania History 
 Genre:  Official Government Documents and Records | Political Correspondence 
 Subjects:  Boundary disputes. 
20Author:  Ordway, John,b. ca. 1775.Requires cookie*
 Title:  John Ordway journal, 1804-1806     
 Dates:  1804-1806 
 Abstract:  These three volumes contain the journal kept by John Ordway from May 1804 to September 1806, while serving as a sergeant of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Ordway's journals note wildlife, daily happenings on the expedition, and interactions with Native peoples. These volumes can serve as a good complement to the original Lewis and Clark ones. The journals have been edited and printed elsewhere, including a recent edition published by the APS.

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 Call #:  Mss.917.3.Or2 
 Extent:  3 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Exploration. | Native America | Natural history 
 Genre:  Travel Narratives and Journals 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America | Louisiana Purchase -- Discovery and exploration. | Natural history. 
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